El uso de fuentes históricas en la competencia: Construye Interpretaciones Históricas
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Date
2025-12-19
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Publisher
Escuela de Educación Superior Pedagógica Pública Monterrico
Abstract
El uso de las fuentes históricas es fundamental para el desarrollo de la competencia "Construye interpretaciones históricas". Para que los estudiantes interpreten y construyan críticamente hechos históricos es necesario reconocer la existencia de recursos, como las fuentes manuscritas, impresas, orales, materiales, audiovisuales y etnológicas, puesto que son esenciales para profundizar en el entendimiento del pasado y desarrollar habilidades de orden superior en el área de las Ciencias Sociales. A través de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura, se analiza cómo estas fuentes facilitan el aprendizaje significativo al conectar con las capacidades: “Interpreta críticamente fuentes diversas, Comprende el tiempo histórico y Elabora explicaciones sobre procesos históricos”. La presente investigación es de enfoque cualitativo de diseño documental, en el que se explica la contribución de las fuentes históricas, así como a contextualizarlas dentro de su entorno histórico. La investigación, basada en el fichaje y la triangulación, analizó fuentes históricas primarias y secundarias clasificadas en categorías escritas, orales, materiales, audiovisuales y etnológicas. Se identificó que cada tipo de fuente aporta de forma específica al desarrollo de la competencia Construye Interpretaciones Históricas, ya sea fortaleciendo la interpretación crítica, la elaboración de explicaciones o la comprensión del tiempo histórico. Los resultados muestran que el uso articulado de estas fuentes permite a los estudiantes contextualizar la información, reconocer sesgos y construir interpretaciones fundamentadas. Se recomienda integrarlas en actividades dinámicas que promuevan la búsqueda autónoma y el desarrollo equilibrado de las capacidades históricas.
The use of historical sources is essential for developing the competency “Constructs Historical Interpretations.” For students to interpret and critically construct historical events, it is necessary to recognize the variety of available resources—such as manuscript, printed, oral, material, audiovisual, and ethnological sources—since they are key to deepening the understanding of the past and fostering higher-order thinking skills in the area of Social Sciences. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, this study examines how these sources facilitate meaningful learning by connecting with the capacities “Critically interprets diverse sources,” “Understands historical time,” and “Develops explanations about historical processes.”This research follows a qualitative, documentary design in which the contribution of historical sources is analyzed and contextualized within their historical environments. Using fiching and triangulation techniques, the study examined primary and secondary historical sources classified into written, oral, material, audiovisual, and ethnological categories. Findings reveal that each type of source contributes specifically to the development of the competency Constructs Historical Interpretations, whether by strengthening critical interpretation, supporting the construction of explanations, or enhancing the understanding of historical time. The results show that the articulated use of these sources enables students to contextualize information, recognize biases, and build well-founded interpretations. It is recommended that these sources be integrated into dynamic learning activities that encourage autonomous inquiry and the balanced development of historical competencies.
The use of historical sources is essential for developing the competency “Constructs Historical Interpretations.” For students to interpret and critically construct historical events, it is necessary to recognize the variety of available resources—such as manuscript, printed, oral, material, audiovisual, and ethnological sources—since they are key to deepening the understanding of the past and fostering higher-order thinking skills in the area of Social Sciences. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, this study examines how these sources facilitate meaningful learning by connecting with the capacities “Critically interprets diverse sources,” “Understands historical time,” and “Develops explanations about historical processes.”This research follows a qualitative, documentary design in which the contribution of historical sources is analyzed and contextualized within their historical environments. Using fiching and triangulation techniques, the study examined primary and secondary historical sources classified into written, oral, material, audiovisual, and ethnological categories. Findings reveal that each type of source contributes specifically to the development of the competency Constructs Historical Interpretations, whether by strengthening critical interpretation, supporting the construction of explanations, or enhancing the understanding of historical time. The results show that the articulated use of these sources enables students to contextualize information, recognize biases, and build well-founded interpretations. It is recommended that these sources be integrated into dynamic learning activities that encourage autonomous inquiry and the balanced development of historical competencies.
Description
Trabajo de investigación para optar el grado académico de Bachiller en Educación.
Keywords
Fuentes históricas, Competencia Construye interpretaciones históricas, Enseñanza de la historia, Pensamiento crítico, Ciencias Sociales